DUMB CANE as Insecticide - raven dave F,, alberto R.and Harry P.
Dumb Cane
(Dieffenbachia) sap (90%) and
Ginger (Zingiber
officinale) Extract (10%) as Components in making the
Insecticide
(Flies
and mosquitoes)
An investigatory project
Applied Science- Team
Presented as Entry for
the
Division Science
Fair-Secondary level
Harry Braullo Pialago
Alberto Ramirez
Raven Dave Francisco
Mrs. Antonia Dullin
Adviser
ABSTRACT
Insecticides have been relied on since its existence because of
its power to elimate insects. The purpose of this study is to prove the
effectiveness of a handmade insecticide made of Dumb Cane sap and sautéed
Ginger extract as components.
Dumb Cane and Ginger are good alternatives in the absence of a
commercial insecticide. It is easy to make and it is cheaper. It can be nearly
as effective as commercial insecticides in eliminating insects while being
eco-friendly.
The researchers extract the required fluids by pounding the raw
materials and straining them.
In testing, we caught
some mosquitoes and flies. We put them in separate container and sprayed them
directly with the commercial and handmade insecticides. The commercial
insecticide eliminated the insects after 20 seconds while the alternative one
eliminated the insect after 30 seconds. This shows that the handmade
insecticide can be good in substitute for commercial insecticide.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This research would not have been achieved without
the help of the Almighty god and the talent and skills he given to the
researchers.
We would like to express our heartfelt
gratitude for those people who have been supportive and helpful in making this study
a success:
To Mrs.Antonia Dullin,
for giving us an opportunity to explore more of our capacity and create
productive output and for giving us constant encouragement and guidance for
this project until its completion.
To our parents, who always had been supportive
all throughout the duration of this research work.
Thank you to all the people who in one
way or another, have imparted there resources and time to make this study a
success. We may not able to list all your names in this pages, but we thank you
so much for your enormous support f or making this research a great success.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Tittle Page……………………………………………………………1
Abstract……………………………………………………………….2
Acknowledgement………………………………………………...3
Table of contents……...…………………………………………..4
Introduction…………………………………………………………..5
Background
of the Study…………………….…...6-7
Statement
of the Problem……………………..…..8
Scope
and Limitation……….………………….……9
Review of related Literature……………………..10
Significant of the Study………………………….…11
Methodology……………………………………………………12
Results and
Discussion……………………………….…...13-14
Analysis of
Data………………………………….…………...15
Summary and
Conclusion…………………………………..…16
Recommendation……………………………..…………..……..17
Bibliography……………………………………………………..…18
INTRODUCTION
Every day is a busy day. Some were in school, workplace, and in
homes. Insect especially flies and mosquitoes are common problems everywhere.
They contaminated our food, and bite us, which makes us sick. They sting us and
infect us with different kinds of diseases.
These insects are two main of the dirtiest, harmful and common
insect in our community where we live in. And if we look at this kind of
insect, it makes our mood get bad. So this will be a big problem in our daily
lives.
This issue is not a joke. It is not issue that you can take for
granted. And in the course of fighting these insects, we often resort to
commercial insecticides. But it is also very expensive.
In order to reduce the expenses in
eliminating insects, we should take a look at those natural materials that are
cheap or less expensive while being effective in fighting insects.
The researchers had an interest in finding the potential of
the Dumb Cane plant and
ginger as an insecticide. This is due to the fact that the Dumb Cane is highly
poisonous and the ginger is known for its spicy flavor.
BACKGROUND
OF THE STUDY
Dumb
Cane is the common name of the topical
plant of the genus Dieffenbachia and the family Araceae. Seguine and Amoena are
two of the most well-known species of this plant. The Dumb Cane is referred to
as the king of plants, as it’s a large and hearty plant that doesn’t need a lot
of light to grow well. The Dumb Cane is tall with long, pattered leaves. If the
plant grows so tall that it looks too spindly, the top may be cut back in most
cases.
The Dumb cane often grows so tall up
to at least six feet (1.829m) tall. The leaves are dark green with distinctive
v-shaped pale yellow or cream patterns. Some species have spotted patterns. The
Dumb Cane has remained one of the most popular houseplants in the United States
since the 19th century as it can grow well in shade and any type of
lighting conditions. A well-drained soil is often recommended for growing Dumb
Canes.
Although the Dumb Canes is a favorite
houseplant, it is not the best for smaller children and curious pets. This is
because the leaves sap and roots are very poisonous if ingested and can cause
swelling of the mouth, tongue and throat. The sap of a Dumb Cane is especially
acrid. The vocal cords may be so damage and numb after chewing on part of a
Dumb Cane that speech is impossible. This is why the plants are called the Dumb
Cane; to be dump means to be without the ability to produce speech.
Ginger (Zingiber officinale)
- is often advocated as beneficial for nausea and vomiting.
Whether the herb is truly efficacious for this condition is, however, still a
matter of debate. We have performed a systematic review of the evidence from
randomized controlled trials for or against the efficacy of ginger for nausea
and vomiting. Six studies met all inclusion criteria and were reviewed. Three
on postoperative nausea and vomiting were identified and two of these suggested
that ginger was superior to placebo and equally effective as metoclopramide.
The pooled absolute risk reduction for the incidence of postoperative nausea,
however, indicated a non-significant difference between the ginger and placebo
groups for ginger 1 g taken before operation (absolute risk reduction 0.052
(95% confidence interval -0.082 to 0.186)). One study was found for each of the
following conditions: seasickness, morning sickness and chemotherapy-induced
nausea. These studies collectively favored ginger over placebo.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
PROBLEM
The
objective of this study is to prepare an insecticide from sap of the Dumb Cane
and to help all people in their everyday life by spraying flies and mosquitoes
will not get in their everyday life, because flies and mosquitoes are dangerous
to human health.
SUB-PROBLEM
To
compare the effectiveness of the alternative flies and mosquitoes with the
commercial insect exterminator (BAYGON).
HYPOTHESIS
HO: The alternative insecticide is not effective in
insect exterminator.
HA: The alternative insecticide is effective in
insect exterminator.
SCOPE AND LIMITATION
Use of
commercial insecticide could be very expensive. It also has chemicals that are
dangerous when it will inhale.
In this
study, we should first find some natural substances that also effective in
killings insects.
In testing, directly spray the alternative
insecticide on the insects. This will ensure that the insect will be killed the
insecticide. Using this alternative insect killer somehow reduce your expenses
in buying commercial insecticide. In this instance, we need to study the
effectiveness of Dumb Cane sap that could be an alternative insecticide.
REVIEW
OF THE RELATED LITERATURE
A notorious ornamental plant,
commonly known as Dumb Cane, has been found to be useful in controlling the
spread of cancer cells in the body.
A study conducted by students from
Notre Dame of Dadiangas University in General Santos City discovered that Dumb
Cane plant, scientifically known as Dieffencachiamaculata, contains active
ingredients that cause antiangiogenesis, a process that inhibits the growth and
development of new blood vessel in the body.
Antiangiogenesis controls the
spread of tumor cells in the body by disabling the transport of nutrients
toward the cancerous cells. Normally,
tumour starts from a single cells and divides to make more cancer cells. The
growth of malignant cells will depend on the availability of species nutrients
being transported by blood vessels.
In laboratory experiment, researchers
separately analyzed the effects of Dumb Cane`s essential oil, leaf extract,
minerals water and Simvastatin (an anti-cholesterol drug with anti-angiogenic
effects) to wild duck embryos. Result showed that embryos exposed to Dumb
Cane`s essential oil and leaf extracts had lower blood vessel branching points
than the embryos in the mineral water solution. The antiangiogenic properties
of both Dumb Cane`s essential oil and leaf extract were also comparable to
Simvastatin.
Toxicity test, meanwhile, revealed
that Dumb Cane`s essential oil and leaf extract are tolerable to humans. Using
human lymphocytes, researchers determined the actual toxicity of Dumb Cane`s
essential oil and leaf extracts of human cell. Though Dumb Cane contains
glycoside, an organic poisonous compound, researchers explained that cell
viability after 24 hours of incubation is still high.
With the findings, researchers
claimed that Dumb Cane`s ability to prevent blood vessel growth and development
can be possibly used in the formulation of anti-cancer drug to help prevent the
spread of cancer cells in the human body. They recommended further studies to
isolate the specific components of Dumb Cane responsible for antiangiogenic
activity and determined the appropriate concentration for pharmaceutical
purposes.
SIGNIFICANT
OF THE STUDY
The reason why we, researchers, came up with this kind of study
is to help other people in eliminating insects. We all know that these insects
are major problem in or community.
We can help in solving the problem of insect in the community
without making so much expense. In order to achieve this, we need to use the
natural resources that contain poisonous substances that are effective in
eliminating insects.
We found that Dumb Cane plant contain “oxalate” that is very
poisonous. With this product, we can do our jobs and task easier without
worrying about the harmful insect in our community. We can also lessen our
expenses from buying insecticide.
METHODOLOGY
A. Material
- 4
giant Dumb Cane
- 3
medium size of Ginger
-
Knife
-
Mortar and pestle
- 2
containers
- 2
sprayer bottles
-
Gloves
- Pan
- 2
containers (for insect)
-
Commercial insecticide (BAYGON)
B. Procedure
First,
cut the Dumb Cane stems into 1 inch long pieces. Second, wear your protective
gear and pound the chopped 1 inch Dumb Cane stems. Third, squeeze the pound
Dumb Cane pieces to get the sap and then strain it with the strainer. Set it
aside. Then, chop the Ginger into small pieces, then sauté them for 5 minutes.
Next, squeeze the sautéed Ginger pieces to get the sap, then strain the sap.
Lastly, combined the two extracts and put them into the cleaned sprayer bottle
and mix it properly. Shake well upon using.
The researchers caught
some insect and put them in 2 separate containers. After wards, we sprayed the
caught flies and mosquitoes with homemade insecticide and the commercial
insecticide (one type of insecticide each container).
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
A. Effectiveness
comparison
The homemade and commercial insecticides
were tested separately to kill flies and mosquitoes.
COMMERCIAL INSECTICIDE
(BAYGON)
|
HANDMADE
INSECTICIDE
WITH
THE DUMB CANE SAP AND SAUTEED GINGER EXTRACT
|
  BEFORE
THE EXPERIMENT |
  BEFORE
THE EXPERIMENT |
  AFTER
THE EXPERIMENT |
  AFTER
THE EXPERIMENT |
B.
The handmade Insecticide with Dumb Cane and sautéed Ginger Extract as
Insecticide.
COMMERCIAL INSECTICIDE
(BAYGON)
|
HANDMADE INSECTICIDE
WITH THE DUMB CANE SAP AND SAUTEED GINGER EXTRACT
|
CONTENT : 500 ml
pure Baygon
NUMBER OF
INSECT: 1 fly and 1
mosquito
TIME TAKEN TO
ELIMINATE INSECT:
20
seconds
|
CONTENT : 90 ml
Dumb Cane sap
10 ml Ginger extract
NUMBER OF
INSECT: 1 fly and 1
mosquito
TIME TAKEN TO
ELIMINATE INSECT:
30 seconds
|
The handmade
Insecticide is cheaper than commercial Insecticide. Based on the result, we
can conclude that the product can compete with the commercial product. It can
also eliminate insect nearly almost as quick as the commercial
|
ANALYSIS
OF DATA
The result of the experiment shows that the
handmade insecticide made from Dumb Cane (Dieffenbachia) sap and Ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract are comparable.
When sprayed with the commercial
insecticide, the insect died within 20 seconds. On the other hand insect
sprayed with the handmade insecticide were weakened and immobilized in the
first seconds of use and died in 30 seconds later.
The result show that the
insecticide made with Dumb Cane sap and sautéed Ginger extract has the
potential to be as good as commercial insecticides or may be better than them;
although additional ingredients or different techniques may be used to increase
the fire power of the handmade insecticide.
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
The main objective of this study is to create an
alternative insect exterminator that is a common agent in eliminating insect
from our home. It aimed to create a cheaper and more eco-friendly substitute
from raw materials that are common in the Philippines: the Dumb Cane, which is
a common house plant and the Ginger, which is common as spice for Filipinos.
An
organic and natural insecticide made primarily of Dumb Cane (Dieffenbachia) sap
and sautéed Ginger (Zingiber
officinale) extract was compared with a commercial insecticide (Baygon). When
tested, the alternative insecticide showed a lot of potential as the time taken
to eliminate insects showed a little time interval to those of the commercial
insecticide. Therefore, we conclude that the alternative insecticide can keep
up and compete with commercial insecticides.
RECOMMENDATION
Based on the conducted experiments,
the researchers recommend the following for further improvements:
a. To apply the Dumb Cane spray
into real-life condition and measure the effectiveness before and after using a
more scientific approach, which includes but are not limited to different
species of flies and mosquitoes.
b. Use another additives to
increase the eliminating capacity of the Dumb Cane spray, and
c. To make this product eligible
for the market.
Bibliography
- Dieffenbachia
- Poisonous House Plants – Dumbcane
- Poisonous silence: the dumb cane – The Living Rainforest
- Flies – Facts About flies – Types of flies
Pestworldforkids.org/pest-guide/flies/
- Toxicity of dieffenbachia
- Dumb Cane Plants Indoors - Dieffenbachia Amoena
- Killer House Plant Warning
-Dumb Cane
Plant
-
Mosquitoes of Michigan -Their Biology and Control
-Ginger
ReplyDeleteThrips damage plants by sucking their juices and scraping at fruits, flowers and leaves. Plant leaves may turn pale, splotchy, and silvery, then die. Injured plants are twisted, discolored and scarred.
Casino Nights - JTA Hub
ReplyDeleteJoin JTG and get the latest offers, promotions, games, events and promotions 상주 출장마사지 at JTG 구리 출장샵 Casinos and Casinos. Try 나주 출장안마 your luck at table games, poker, 천안 출장안마 table games and 진주 출장안마 live